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\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 8 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 7 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u064f\u0644\u0652 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u064c.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0644\u0626\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0644<\/strong>: \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631: \u00ab\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u00bb([7]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n \u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627<\/strong>: \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n 2\u0640<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u064f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(\u0639) \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u00bb([8]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0650\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0640 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0640\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064f\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n 1\u0640<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(\u0639) \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u00bb([9]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n 2\u0640<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a)\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647(\u0639)\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u061f \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u00bb([10]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n 3\u0640<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0640 (\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0627\u062c) \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645(\u0639) \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u0651\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645\u061f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u0651\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u00bb([11]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064d \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u064f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631(\u0639) \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u00bb([12]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u064d \u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0636\u064d \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062d\u0650\u0636\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0642\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u064f\u062c\u0650\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u064f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u0650\u0636\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u064c \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0650\u0636\u0652\u0646\u064e \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 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https:\/\/www.almaany.com\/ar\/dict\/ar-ar\/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%AF\/<\/p>\n <\/a>([19]) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064f\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0640 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064f\u062f\u0651) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n 1\u0640 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641(\u0639) \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u064f\u063a\u0641\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0628\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0647 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